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Hakim Ahmad Shuja
Hakim Ahmad Shuja (also sometimes written as 'Hakeem Ahmed Shujah') (born 1893-died January 1969), MBE, was a famous Urdu and Persian poet, playwright, writer, scholar and mystic, from former British India, later Pakistan.
== Background==
Hakim Ahmad Shuja belonged to an old and prominent family of mystics and Islamic religious scholars, who had migrated from Arabia and Turkey to India, between the 10th-11th centuries AD.〔Hakim Ahmad Shuja, ''Khoon-Baha'' (Urdu: Memoirs), Lahore, 1962, pp. 12-17.〕〔 From his paternal side, he was a direct descendant of both Shaykh Abdul-Qadir Gilani and Hazrat Abu Ayyub al-Ansari and from his maternal side, of the Sadozai (Pashtun tribe) which at one time ruled Afghanistan. See Memoirs, p 12〕 During the times of the Sultans of Delhi, the family came to prominence as religious divines and ''Hakims'' i.e. practitioners of the traditional ''Hikmat'' (the ''Unani'', or Greek system of medicine) and by the time of the Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great (c.1542-1605) they were established as Court Physicians at Lahore, in the Bhati Gate area of the Old City. Later, family members served as Chief Qazis (or Qadis) at Lahore and Kashmir under Afghan (Durrani) rule, and a branch were ministers during Ranjit Singh's Sikh rule.〔The Hakim family, or 'Hakim-Khana' of Old Lahore were mostly Sunni Muslims but during the 18th and 19th centuries a branch the 'Fakir-Khana', became Shias. See Syed Ghayasuddin Ahmed, ICS, "Essays and Memories", Lahore, 1981, p. 9; also, article by Prof. Dr Riffat Hasan in the daily ''Dawn'', 7 November 2002, at (Columbia University Note ). Please note that neither the Hakimkhana nor the Fakirkhana family have any relation to the notorious and disreputable Lt.Gen. Ahmed Shujaa Pasha, and any resemblance of names is purely coincidental.〕〔For further information on the Fakir Khana Museum and the Fakirkhana or Fakir family of Lahore also see (Fakir Khana Home ) and (BBC Intro to Fakir Khana ), In addition to the above, also pl see article on Wazir Khan Mosque for information about another relative of this family who built the famous mosque at Lahore〕 Ahmad Shuja's father, Hakim Shuja-ed-din, was a Sufi mystic of the Chishtiya Order and one of the early pioneers of the Urdu literary press in Lahore, bringing out the famous ''Shor-i-Mahshar'' journal and participating actively in the work of the Anjuman-i-Himayat-i-Islam and ''Anjuman i Punjab'' associations.〔Hakim Ahmad Shuja, "Lahore ka Chelsea" (Urdu/Memories of Old Lahore), Lahore, 1967; reprinted Lahore, Packages Ltd, 1989.〕〔For more details of the 'Anjuman-i-Punjab' please see the articles on Sir Roper Lethbridge and Dr Gottlieb Wilhelm Leitner on Wikipedia〕〔Please also see List of families of Lahore〕
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